Evidence Based Practice

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Procedure - Related Pain

Lynnda M. Dahlquist, Katia Jones, & Kris McKenna

Bauchner, H. & Vinci, R. (1996). Parents and procedures: A randomized control trial. Pediatrics, 98, 861-867.

Carlson, K. L., Broome, M., & Vessey, J. A. (2000). Using distraction to reduce reported pain, fear, and behavioral distress in children and adolescents: A multi-site study. Journal for the Society of Pediatric Nursing, 5, 75-85.

Chen, E., Craske, M.G., Katz, E.R., Schwartz, B.A., & Zeltzer, L.K. (2000). Pain-sensitive temperament: Does it predict procedural distress and response to psychological treatment among children with cancer? Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 25, 269-278.

Cohen, L. L, Blount, R. L., Cohen, R. J., Ball, C. M., McClellan, C. B., & Bernhard, R. S. (2001). Children’s expectations and memories of acute distress: short- and long-term efficacy of pain management interventions. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 26, 367-374.

Cohen, L. L., Blount R. L., Cohen R. J., Schaen, E. R., & Zaff, J. F. (1999). Comparative study of distraction versus topical anesthesia for pediatric pain management during immunizations. Health Psychology, 18, 591-598.

Dahlquist, L. M., Busby, S. M., Slifer, K. J., Tucker, C. L., Eischen, S., Hilley, L. et. al. (2002). Distraction for children of different ages who undergo repeated needle sticks. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, 19, 22-34.

Dahlquist, L., Pendley, J., Landthrip, D., Jones, C., & Steuber, C. P. (2002). Distraction intervention for preschoolers undergoing intramuscular injections and subcutaneous port access. Health Psychology, 21, 94-99.

Fanurik, D., Koh, J. L & Schmitz, M. L. (2000). Distraction techniques combined with EMLA: Effects on IV insertion pain and distress in children. Children’s Health Care, 2, 87-102.

Fanurik, D., Zeltzer, L., Roberts, M., & Blount, R. (1993). The relationship between children’s coping styles and psychological interventions for cold pressor pain. Pain, 53, 213-222.

Klieber, C., M. Craft-Rosenberg, & Harper, D.C. (2001). Parents as distraction coaches during IV insertion: A randomized study. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 22, 851-861.

Koh, J. L., Fanurik, D., Stoner, J., Schmitz, M. L., & Von Lanthen, M. (1999). Efficacy of parental application of eutectic mixture of local anesthetics for intravenous insertion. Pediatrics, 103, 1-5.

Lal, M. K., McClelland, J., Phillips, J., Taub, N. A., and Beattie, R. M. (2001). Comparison of EMLA cream versus placebo in children receiving distraction therapy for venepuncture. Acta Paediatrica, 90, 154-159.

Manimala, M. R., Blount, R. L., & Cohen, L. L. (2000). The effects of parental reassurance versus distraction on child distress and coping during immunizations. Children’s Health Care, 29, 161-177.

Manne, S., Bakeman, R., Jacobsen, P., Gorfinkle, K., & Redd, W. H. (1994). An analysis of an intervention to reduce children’s distress during venipuncture. Health Psychology, 13, 556-566.

Mason, S., Johnson, M. H., & Wooley, C. (1999). A comparison of distractors for controlling distress in young children during medical procedures. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 6, 239-248.

Peretz, B. & Gluck, G.M. (1999). Assessing an active distracting technique for local anesthetic injection in pediatric dental patients: repeated deep breathing and blowing out air. The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 24, 5-8.

Pringle, B., Hilley, L., Gelfand, K., Dahlquist, L. M., Switkin, M., Diver, T. et al. (2001). Decreasing child distress during needle sticks and maintaining treatment gains over time. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 8, 119-130.

Reeb, R. N., & Bush, J. P. (1996). Preprocedural psychological preparation in pediatric oncology: A process-oriented intervention study. Children’s Health Care, 25, 265-279.

Schiff, W. B., Holtz, K. D., Peterson, N., & Rakusan, T. (2001). Effect of an intervention to reduce procedural pain and distress for children with HIV infection. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 26, 417-427.

Slifer, K., Eischen, S., Tucker, C., Dahlquist, L. M., Busby, S., Sulc, W. et al. (2002). Behavioral treatment for child distress during repeated needle sticks. Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30, 83-94.

Smith, J. T., Barabasz, A., & Barabasz, M. (1996). Comparison of hypnosis and distraction in severely ill children undergoing painful medical procedures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 187-195.

Vessey, J. A., Carlson, K. A., & McGill, J. (1994). Use of distraction with children during an acute pain experience. Nursing Research, 43, 369-372.

Zelikovsky, N., Rodrigue, J.R., Gidycz, C.A., & Davis, M.A. (2000). Cognitive behavioral and behavioral interventions help young children cope during a voiding cystourethrogram. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 25, 535-543.